Week 2: CV Drugs 1- Hypertension and Dyslipidaemia
Learning Outcomes
- identify the potential receptor, enzyme and ion channel targets for drugs to interact with cardiovascular function
- outline the pathophysiological mechanisms and processes responsible for the development of hypertension, and dyslipidaemia (REVIEW)
- describe the cellular mechanism of action of beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, aldosterone antagonists, loop diuretics, thiazide diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, centrally-acting antihypertensives
- explain the rationale for the therapeutic use of each of these drug classes in the treatment of hypertension
- explain the major adverse effects and important interactions and contraindications associated with these drug classes
- describe the mechanism of action of the different classes of drugs used in the treatment of dyslipidaemia
- explain the major adverse effects and important interactions and contraindications associated with drugs for dyslipidaemia
- outline the main current therapeutic approaches to pharmacotherapy of hypertension and dyslipidaemia.
Hypertension and Dyslipidaemia
Key Topic Descriptors
hypertension, dyslipidaemia, aldosterone antagonists, loop diuretics, sympathomimetics, thiazide diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, sartans, calcium channel blockers, beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, lipid metabolism, LDL, HDL, atherosclerosis, statins, cholesterol
Preparation
With cardiovascular disease being the leading cause of death in Australia, a solid understanding of cardiovascular pharmacology is essential for medical practice. This week is the first of 4 weeks on drug treatment of CV disease. There are many drug classes to be discussed, and some are used to treat a range of CV disorders, while others have specific uses.
Almost all of the relevant physiology and pathophysiology (hypertension and atherosclerosis) has been covered in detail in CVM last semester- make sure you review this content before the week.
You should also review the renal physiology content from HRM, focusing on renal regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance and diuretics. Make sure you review these resources before the lecture, which will focus on drug mechanisms. I will ASSUME a working knowledge of CV and renal physiology and the pathophysiology of CV disease. You will use this existing knowledge to build your understanding of the mechanisms of action of CV drugs.
📺 Watch the following YouTube video until 2:40 minutes.