Week 7: Endocrine, Genitourinary and OG drugs

Be able to:

• describe the physiological role of thyroid hormone and the basic pathophysiology of thyroid disease (REVIEW)
• describe the mechanisms of action, main adverse effects, and precautions for thyroxine and antithyroid drugs
• describe the mechanisms of action, adverse effects and precautions for drugs used to directly increase bone density in treating osteoporosis such as bisphosphonates and denosumab
• describe the cellular processes involved in penile erection (REVIEW)
• explain the mechanism of action of PDE-5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction
• outline the processes, mediators and receptors involved in bladder filling and micturition reflexes (REVIEW)
• describe the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for overactive bladder, urge incontinence and bladder outlet obstruction / benign prostatic hyperplasia
• describe the mechanisms of action of anticholinergics and selective alpha-blockers on bladder function and relate this to their role in treatment
• describe the mechanism of action of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of BPH and BOO
• describe the major mechanism of action of combined oral contraceptive drugs
• outline the rationale for the effective use of drug treatment for menopause hormone therapy and discuss the risks and benefits of MHT
• outline the major adverse effects, precautions and interactions associated with the classes of drugs described this week.